Researchers have long been concerned about the possibility of diabetes reaching epidemic proportions. Most developed countries continue to see rates of diabetes diagnoses rise, alongside the rise of national weight averages. Weight is not the only factor, however, as Type 1 diabetes cases are also rising—a condition that is not dependent on or influenced by weight before a diagnosis.

Autism is a similarly growing condition. Although the numbers are not quite as staggering, there is no question that autism is a growing concern—among both children and undiagnosed adults. Like Type 1, little is known about exactly why autism develops, and who exactly is at risk.

Diabetes and Autism

Two increasingly common conditions, both of them with few answers—is there a link between them? As it turns out, yes—but not in the arena you might think. After all, it would seem that the unknowable elements of Type 1 would coincide nicely with the unknowable elements of autism, but in truth, the link is between Type 2 diabetes and autism.

Specifically, the link was between Type 2 diabetes or gestational diabetes and obesity during pregnancy. Mothers with Type 2 who were not overweight or obese did not seem to have an increased risk for children who develop autism, but mothers who were both diabetic and overweight saw a substantial increase in their child’s risk factors.

It should be noted that only mothers who were diagnosed with gestational diabetes before 26 weeks’ gestation had children with an increased risk of developing Autism Spectrum Disorder, suggesting that the development of the child’s brain was greatly affected during the first part of pregnancy, rather than the last.

Minimizing Risk

What does this mean for expecting mothers? Weight management is pivotal in ensuring that your child’s development is given the best possible chance. Although the study was not able to determine what types of interventions would be required to stop the development of autism in overweight or obese mothers, working to avoid weight gain or even lose weight (if suggested by your doctor) can certainly help your developing child.

For women who have not yet conceived, but hope to in the future, the answer is clear: for the best possible outcome, weight should be managed and under control prior to conception.

Although there are no definitive links or answers as to why autism—and even some cases of diabetes—develop, there are simple measures you can take to minimize your risk of Type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes, and your child’s risk of developing Autism Spectrum Disorder.