Stroke is a general term that is used to describe two types of stroke: ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Researchers have found that the risks of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke are increased in diabetics, and they spike up with an elevated level of HbA1c.

In a study involving almost 200,000 participants, 2.3% of diabetics were diagnosed with stroke compared to just 0.7% of those without diabetes. The National Stroke Association also reported that diabetics are 2-4 times more likely to have a stroke compared to non-diabetics. Diabetics also tend to develop heart issues and have strokes at a younger age compared to those without diabetes.

In diabetics, the risk of stroke is higher as a high glucose level in the body can lead to increased fatty deposits and increased the potential of blood clots formation. This leads to the narrowing and eventually blockage of the blood vessels, reducing or obstructing the blood supply and causing a stroke.

 
Other risk factors for stroke include: age over 55 years old, being African-American, history of stroke or heart issues, family history of stroke or heart disease, overweight or obese, and habits such as smoking. An “apple-shaped” body (body fat is concentrated around the waist), high blood pressure, uncontrolled blood glucose, and high cholesterol also increases the risk of stroke.

Prevention is important and can be done by maintaining a healthy diet that is rich in fiber and low in fat. Individuals should also quit smoking as it doubles the risk of stroke. Exercise is a key player in the prevention as it helps to maintain a healthy weight. Men and women should aim for a waist measurement of less than 40 inches and 35 inches, respectively. It is best to talk to your doctor and trainer before starting out on a new exercise plan so that they can help you figure out what the best plan is for you. The consumption of alcohol should also be limited to one drink a day for women and two drinks a day for men.

Lastly, knowledge is important and knowing what to expect and how to care for yourself is the best thing you can do. Talk to your healthcare team to learn how to better manage your diabetes.